With symptoms and signs that present themselves during childhood, Attention Deficit Disorder (with or without hyperactivity) affects both children and adults. It is said that between 3% and 5% of the population in the United States exhibits Attention Deficit Disorder. One of the most frustrating aspects pertaining to the condition is that it is chronic with no known medical cure.
Throughout the years, the medical views, treatments and diagnosis regarding Attention Deficit Disorder have stirred up a lot of controversy, especially when it comes to children. There are plenty of youths who show the signs of Attention Deficit Disorder, but should not suffer automatic labeling of the condition. Some of the same symptoms of ADD are seen in other medical conditions, such as bipolar disorder. In many medical circles, the disorder is often debated on whether or not it is an actual neurological syndrome, a disability or impairment.
Signs of Attention Deficit Disorder
When it comes to children with Attention Deficit Disorder, they tend to display certain behavior patterns that alert parents and teachers to a possible diagnosis. In school, they might not be able to stay focused on activities or follow proper directions. Some children have trouble listening to their teachers or parents. They may often lose items they need for school, such as forgetting their homework or leaving behind clothes. Disorganization, forgetfulness and becoming easily distracted are all signs of ADD.
Possible Causes of Attention Deficit Disorder
Despite glaring symptoms, there are a lot of gray areas when it comes to the causes of Attention Deficit Disorder. However, there are a handful of factors that may lead to the onset of the condition. Distorted brain function and chemical imbalances (such as low levels of dopamine) are thought to cause ADD. The disorder may also develop through heredity. Children face an increased risk of having ADD when their mothers smoke, use drugs or become exposed to toxins during their pregnancy.
Screening and Diagnosis
While there is no one test that will diagnose Attention Deficit Disorder, a wide range of exams and behavioral analysis helps to draw conclusions. A doctor may use school and medical records to diagnose ADD. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, there are plenty of medical professionals who can diagnose, administer treatment for and counsel Attention Deficit Disorder patients. Psychiatrists, psychologists, family physicians, pediatricians and neurologists all play a role in taking control of ADD.
Treatment Options
When it comes to treating Attention Deficit Disorder, a combination of many different approaches seem to produce the best results. This may include psychotherapy, medication and other methods. Over time, many patients are able to take hold of their symptoms without the assistance of prescription drugs. A patient with ADD may undergo counseling therapies, such as psychotherapy, behavior therapy, family therapy, social skills training and/or support groups. Medications, such as Ritalin, Concerta, Adderall, Strattera and Dexedrine are often prescribed.